Chromatography is a science of research that involves the separation of molecules in a mixture based on differences in their arrangement and/or composition. It is among the most popular physical methods performed in labs to separate the most complicated mixtures containing complex molecules. The process consists of two components viz. the mobile phase and the stationary phase. The mobile phase is the mixture to be separated dissolved in a solvent and the stationary phase is the coating of a particular material in its solid form by which the mobile phase passes through and disintegrates into different parts at various stages. Adsorptive substances are used in the stationary phase. If you notice the functions of chromatography process you Would know just what it is useful for. Its application implies to compound or bioprocessing industries where they are facing the struggle to purify and separate from a complex mix a specific compound that creates an important element in the production line.
The way is so precise it may even successfully separate proteins that change in one amino acid from a complex protein mixture. Additionally, the conditions under which chromatography is performed aren’t severe thus it can be used to separate products with greater sensitivity too. Some of the traditional equipment’s included in chromatography were paper and thin layer glass and silica gel. Modern chromatographic techniques involve using columns. These columns are composed of a metal tube which are powerful enough to resist the pressure of the substances which might be applied to it in the procedure. These tubes contain the stationary phase, while the mobile phase was designed to pass through it. The stationary phase absorbs the solvent in the mobile phase and effectively divides the mixture into its different elements. The stationary phase columns can be of two types, viz Packed Bed Column and Open Tubular Column. While packed bed column would include a granular form of the stationary phase packed tightly into the pillar and open tubular column is made up of thin film or coating on the column wall.
A broad group of chromatographic techniques performed in Laboratories now are Gas chromatography and Liquid chromatography. These are classified concerning the substances used in cellular and the stationary phases hplc testing. The mobile phase is that the carrier fluid to the target samples and the stationary phase normally is composed of materials which have a varying affinity for the components within the sample mix. When the mobile phase is in the shape of a gaseous substance, especially inert gas, as well as the stationary phase is an adsorbent or liquid that is supported on a porous support that is also inert, the method is referred to as gas chromatography. When both the mobile and the stationary phase are fluids and the liquid at the stationery stage is secured to the surface of an adsorbent, the chromatography form is liquid chromatography.